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Violation Tracker Current Parent Company Summary
Current Parent Company Name: SK Holdings
Ownership Structure: publicly traded
Headquartered in: South Korea
Major Industry: electrical and electronic equipment
Specific Industry: semiconductors
Penalty total since 2000: $219,745,473
Number of records: 23
| Top 5 Offense Groups (Groups Defined) | Penalty Total | Number of Records |
| competition-related offenses | $149,463,657 | 3 |
| government-contracting-related offenses | $68,400,000 | 1 |
| environment-related offenses | $1,610,934 | 9 |
| safety-related offenses | $270,882 | 10 |
| Top 5 Primary Offense Types | Penalty Total | Number of Records |
| price-fixing or anti-competitive practices | $149,463,657 | 3 |
| False Claims Act and related | $68,400,000 | 1 |
| air pollution violation | $1,323,660 | 4 |
| workplace safety or health violation | $270,882 | 10 |
| environmental violation | $184,395 | 3 |
Notes: Parent-subsidiary linkages are based on relationships current as of the latest revision listed in the
Update Log, which may vary from what was the case when a violation occurred. The penalty totals are adjusted to account for the fact that the individual entries below may include both agency records and settlement announcements for the same case; or else a penalty covering multiple locations may be listed in the individual records for each of the facilities. The totals are also adjusted to reflect cases in which federal and state or local agencies cooperated and issued separate announcements of the outcome. Duplicate or overlapping penalty amounts are marked with an asterisk in the list below.
Links: For a summary of this company's regulatory penalties in more than 50 other countries, see its Violation Tracker Global summary page
here.
Subsidy Tracker data on financial assistance to this company by federal, state and local government agencies can be found
here.
Individual Penalty Records:
Click on the company or penalty amount for more information on each case.
| Company | Primary Offense Type | Year | Agency | Penalty Amount  |
| SK Energy Co. Ltd. | price-fixing or anti-competitive practices | 2018 | DOJ_ANTITRUST | $90,384,872 |
| SK Engineering & Construction Co. Ltd. | False Claims Act and related | 2020 | DOJ_CIVIL | $68,400,000 |
| SK Energy | price-fixing or anti-competitive practices | 2019 | DOJ_ANTITRUST | $34,078,785 |
| SK Energy Americas, Inc. | price-fixing or anti-competitive practices | 2024 | CA-AG | $25,000,000 |
| SK Innovation Co., Ltd. | air pollution violation | 2014 | CA-ARB | $790,000 |
| SK Energy Americas, Inc. | air pollution violation | 2017 | CA-ARB | $393,000 |
| AMPAC Fine Chemicals Virginia, LLC | air pollution violation | 2022 | VA-ENV | $125,000 |
| SK BATTERY AMERICA INC. | workplace safety or health violation | 2023 | OSHA | $77,200 |
| SK BATTERY AMERICA INC. | workplace safety or health violation | 2023 | OSHA | $75,449 |
| Ampac Fine Chemicals, LLC | hazardous waste violation | 2022 | EPA | $69,879 |
| Ampac Fine Chemical LLC | environmental violation | 2022 | EPA | $69,879 |
| AMPAC FINE CHEMICALS VIRGINIA, LLC | environmental violation | 2021 | EPA | $59,200 |
| Ella Iott | environmental violation | 2022 | EPA | $55,316 |
| AMPAC FINE CHEMICALS LLC | workplace safety or health violation | 2011 | OSHA | $33,410 |
| SK Battery America Inc | hazardous waste violation | 2024 | GA-ENV | $33,000 |
| AMPAC FINE CHEMICALS, LLC | workplace safety or health violation | 2008 | OSHA | $24,175 |
| SK BATTERY AMERICA INC. | workplace safety or health violation | 2022 | OSHA | $16,781 |
| SK Primacor Americas LLC | air pollution violation | 2023 | TX-ENV | $15,660 |
| AMPAC FINE CHEMICALS LLC | workplace safety or health violation | 2012 | OSHA | $12,375 |
| SK BATTERY AMERICA INC. | workplace safety or health violation | 2023 | OSHA | $11,162 |
| AMPAC FINE CHEMICALS LLC | workplace safety or health violation | 2016 | OSHA | $7,875 |
| AMPAC FINE CHEMICAL | workplace safety or health violation | 2013 | OSHA | $7,375 |
| AMPAC FINE CHEMICALS LLC | workplace safety or health violation | 2012 | OSHA | $5,080 |
